ACJ Reconstruction Explained: When is it Needed and What to Expect
Overview
The acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) is where your collarbone meets your shoulder blade. This joint can become unstable due to a high-energy injury, such as a fall or collision. In these cases, ACJ reconstruction surgery might be necessary to restore stability and alleviate pain.
What Is AC Joint Reconstruction?
ACJ reconstruction is a surgical procedure that aims to repair or reconstruct the damaged ligaments, stabilising the acromioclavicular joint. These ligaments, primarily the acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments can be torn during an injury, leading to joint instability and deformity.
There are different surgical techniques used for ACJ reconstruction, including
- Anatomic reconstruction uses grafts (often from the patient or a donor) to mimic the natural ligament structure.
- Hook plate fixation is a short-term metal device that keeps the collarbone in place while the ligaments heal.
- TightRope or EndoButton techniques involve implantable devices to stabilise the joint using strong sutures.
The choice of technique depends on factors such as the severity of the injury, patient activity level, and the surgeon’s preference.
Hook plate fixation for Distal clavicle fixation with ACJ Involvement
Surgilig Ligament ( Lockdown) Reconstruction for ACJ Disruption
Who Needs AC Joint Reconstruction Surgery?
ACJ reconstruction surgery is typically recommended only in cases of severe ACJ instability. For less serious injuries, other less invasive treatments, such as physiotherapy, are usually preferred.
These are some common signs that you need surgery
- Persistent pain and swelling
- Visible bump or deformity on the shoulder
- Limited range of motion or strength
- Joint instability during movement
- Significant pain in the shoulder, especially when lifting your arm.
Recovery after ACJ surgery
- 3-6 weeks: Sling use and limited shoulder movement
- 6-12 weeks: Light physiotherapy and basic shoulder use
- 3-6 months: Return to normal activity
Here are some additional details to remember
- ACJ reconstruction is a relatively common procedure with good long-term results.
- It is important to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully during recovery to ensure optimal healing.
- If you experience any concerning symptoms after surgery, such as increased pain, swelling, or fever, consult your doctor immediately.
Final Thoughts
If someone has a severe AC joint injury, ACJ reconstruction is a perfect way to restore stability and ease pain. With proper surgical technique and a guided rehabilitation program, most patients can expect to return to their normal activities and enjoy long-term relief.
If you are experiencing shoulder pain after an injury or struggling with joint instability, consult a qualified shoulder surgeon to explore whether AC Joint reconstruction is correct for you.